Simple clause structure
The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year.
Carry out carrying out carried out to carry out A book was given me or I was given to a book. Is it allowed? Cognate object
; He lived a happy life.
; He died a miserable death.
; She slept a sounded sleep.
; He smiled a little smile and bowed a little bow. I came in and found she fell unconsciously or unconscious on the floor.
Lincoln was born a poor family‟s boy and died a president of the United States. It was so cold that they kept the fire all night. To burn burn burning burned
The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself Hear to hear hearing heard
Energy is great importance to industry.
Of in for to
Coordination and ellipsis
1. A professional wine taster must rely on taste, sight, and smelling to determine the quality of a wine. (TOEFL)
2. Industrial designers try to make products attraction, efficient, and safe. (TOEFL)
3. I'll spend the whole weekend reading and prepare for it.
4. We must distinguish between a friend and enemy.
5. Gatherings of more than three persons were prohibited purposely in the name of the law and
order.
6. Tom was a real friend, for he advised me as well as helping me with my Arabic.
7. Joe has not yet decided whether to travel by car or if he should take the train.
8. I haven‟t decided on the menu yet, let alone buying the food.
To know what is good and are two different things.
Doing what is right Does what is right To do what is right Did what was right Friendship is like money: easier made than ____
Kept to be kept keeping being kept
Apposition
Greenland, island in the world, covers over two million square kilometers. it is the largest that is the largest is the largest the largest Which is a proper translation?
As they grow old, people also accumulate belongings for two other reasons, lack of physical and
mental energy, both of which are essential in turning out and throwing away, and sentiment.
随着岁月流逝人变老？人们还由于另外两个原因积累物品？ 即体力衰弱与精神不加。 因
为在丢弃这些无用之物时这两者缺一不可！此外？还有感情的因素。
当人们年老的时候？还有与其他两个原因而积存物品，一是缺乏体力和精力？；因为清理和
扔掉无用之物体力和精力都是必不可缺少的？？而是出于感情上的考虑。
独立结构
1. Maggie ran back to the kitchen, eggs ____ carefully in her hands. A. to be held B. held C. were held D. holding
2. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper ____ it closely. A. followed B. following C. to follow D. being followed
3. A new technique ____, the yields as a whole increased by 20 per cent. A. working out B. having worked out
C. having been worked out D. to have been worked out
4. All flights ____ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train. A. had been canceled B. have been canceled
C. were canceled D. having been canceled
关系从句
1. The situation today is obviously quite different from ____ it was only 50 years ago.
A. which B. what C. when D. such
2. He spoke confidently, ____ impressed me most.
A. so that B. that C. it D. which
3. All ____ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life. A. what is needed B. for our needs C. the thing needed D. that is needed 4. Undoubtedly, _____ wins the election is going to have a tough job getting the economy back on its feet.
A. anyone B. who C. whoever D. everyone
5. No sooner had we reached the top of the hill ____ we all sat down to rest.
A. when B. then C. than D. until
6. We‟ll visit Europe next year ____ we have enough money.
A. lest B. until C. unless D. provided
7. Above the trees are the hills, ________ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface.
A. where B. of whose C. whose D. which
8. I'd never been to Lhasa , but that's the city -------. 1997
A I'd most like to visit B which I like to visit mostly C where I like to visit D I'd like much to visit 9. Have you ever been in a situation ___ you can‟t agree with the one who you know is right? 2002
a. that b. where. C, in where, d by which
10. The student said there were a few points in the essay he ____ impossible to comprehend. Tem4 2006
a. has found b. was finding c. had found d. would find
名词短语以及Others
1. A person needs to know who he or she is before being able to know what __ makes him or her happy.
a. is it that b. it is that c. is it which d. it is who 2. William Faulkner, __ American novelist, was awarded the Nobel prize for literature in 1949. a. an, b/ c. the d. one
3. Do you know Jimmy? He is__
a. too much the family b. too much of a family man
c. a family man enough d. enough of a family
4. If tap water is as dangerous as some people think, __ would be getting sick. a. a lot more of us b. a lot of more of us
c. more a lot of us d. a lot of us more
5. The wheels of the old wagon are nearly ___ of a modern car. a. twice the size of those b. twice the size
c. twice the sizes d. twice size of those
6. Which us us __ knows something about physics does not know this? a. who b. what c. whom d. that
7. His parents believed that he was a clever boy, but he wasn‟t __ in fact.
a. kind b. kind of c. such d. a such
8. It is reported that Latin American customers talk __ on the phone as people in north America.
A, two to four times as long b. two times four as long c. two to four time as long d. two to four times long 9. They can vote in __ district they choose.
a. whichever b. whenever c. wherever d. however 10. there is as free lunch.
a. no such thing b. no such things c. no such a thing d. nothing
Error correction
1. Some educationalists are now beginning to think that Hong Kong students get too much homeworks.
2. The main point of a Ph.D. is to carry out original researches. 3. There were no dates on the jar to say when the jam should be eaten by. 4. Although he is French, none of his novels are set in France. 5. None of the information we were given were particularly helpful. 6. Seeing that the soldiers were carrying no weapons, I walked towards them. 7. None of the company's business are done in the Us.
Add “the” where needed.
1. Can I drive you to university? It's on my way.
2. She‟s going to university to do French..
3. When I „m in London, I always go to theatre.
4. Jim‟s been in hospital for six weeks now.
5. There was a fire at school in Newtown.
6. It's time the children went to bed.
each和every
1. I try to visit my relatives in Spain __________ other year. 2. ________ day we went to work by bicycle.
3. There were tears running down __________ side of her face. 4. Don has to go overseas on business ________ six weeks or so.
5. In a football match, __________ team has eleven players.
6. From next year, _________ baby in the country will be vaccinated against measles. 7. I have ______ confidence in his ability to do the job well.
8. We have ____________ reason to believe that the operation has been a success.
Choose the most appropriate quantifiers between A FEW | A GREAT DEAL | A LITTLE | A LOT | A LOT OF | A
MAJORITY OF | ENOUGH | MANY | MUCH OF | PLENTY | SEVERAL OF | SOME / MANY A 1. I'm having of trouble passing my driving exam.
2. the movies were rated PG.
3. information proved to be outdated.
4. We're close to the project deadline, but there is still time left.
5. Although there are brilliant students in this state -- thousands, even, only will choose to remain in the state after graduation.
6. We were able to destroy the parasites with our antigen, but of them survived to cause trouble.
7. a student has passed through these doors.
8. Although of the lawn is open to the sun, there are of shade trees to make it comfortable.
9. I think he drank wine last night.
10. the evidence was taken from the police safe last night.
1. A lot 2. several of; 3. some; 4. enough; 5. many; a few; 6. a lot of; enough; 7. many; 8. a great deal; plenty; 9. a lot of;
10. much of.
3. Apply “all” where needed
1. I „m pleased to say that you ____ have ________ passed the maths exam.
2. ________ his ________ papers had blown onto the floor.
3. I‟v known her ___________my _______ life.
4. We ________ are __________ going to work harder to get the job done. 5. She had to look after _____ three of her brother‟s ____ children.
6. This is the moment we __________ have ______been waiting for. 7. We ________ are _________ going to have to work harder to get the job done.
判断下文中的冠词a/an , the 是否合适
1. Dan was playing outside in a street when he was a red car go past driven by the teacher from his school.
2. A university has announced proposals to build a new library, to replace an existing one by the year 2005.
3. I must buy the tin opener. I keep having to borrow one from a woman next door. 4. We went out to the excellent restaurant last night.
5. A: where is a tea pot?
B: it's in the cupboard on the right.
A: I thought you had a blue one.
B: yes, but it broke so I had to get the new one.
6. Once, when I won the competition, I had to choose between a holiday in Disneyland and a Volvo. I shoes a car, of
course.
Put in a, an, the or 0 into the blank wherever applicable.
Soccer — or football, as it is called by rest of world outside United States — is surely
most popular sport in the world. Every four years, the world championship of soccer, World Cup, is watched by literally billions all over the world, beating out the United States professional football's Superbowl by far. It is estimated that 1.5 billion people watched the World Cup final between Italy and Brazil in 1994. And it is also genuine world championship, involving teams from many countries (as many as 172) and played in venues all over globe, unlike much more parochial and misnamed World Series in American baseball (that doesn't even involve Japan or Cuba, two baseball hotbeds). But although soccer has become
important sport in American sports scene, it will never make inroads into hearts and markets of
American sports the way that football, basketball, hockey, baseball, and even tennis and golf have done. There are many reasons for this.
Recently New England Revolution beat Tampa Bay Mutiny in game played during horrid rainstorm. Nearly 5000 fans showed up, which shows that soccer is, indeed, popular in the United States. However, the story of game was
buried near back of newspaper's sports section, and there was certainly no television coverage. In fact, biggest
reason for soccer's failure as mass appeal sport in the United States is that it doesn't conform easily to demands of
television.
Basketball succeeds enormously in America because it regularly schedules what it calls "television time-outs" as well as the
time-outs that teams themselves call to re-group, not to mention half-times and, on the professional level, quarter breaks. Those
time-outs in the action are ideally made for television commercials. And television coverage is lifeblood of
American sports. College basketball lives for game scheduled on CBS or ESPN (highly recruited high school players are more likely to go to team that regularly gets national television exposure), and we could even say that
television coverage has dictated pace and feel of American football. Anyone who has attended live football
game knows how commercial time-outs slow the game and sometimes, at its most exciting moments, disrupt flow of events. No one raises objection, however, because without television, football knows that it simply wouldn't remain in homes
and hearts of Americans. Also, without those advertising dollars, the teams couldn't afford sky-high salaries of their high-priced superstars.
Source， http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/quizzes/cross/quant_gap2.htm
Advanced grammar in use， Cambridge
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