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# On the hypothesis testing concerning the type of the survival function

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On the hypothesis testing concerning the type of the survival function

ON THE HYPOTHESIS TESTING CONCERNING THE TYPE

OF THE SURVIVAL FUNCTION

12Evgeniy Chepurin, Innesa Chepurina

Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia 12echepurin@mail.ru, uchsov@cs.msu.ru

The aim of this paper is to discuss the problems of the testing hypothesis concerning a

survival distribution function form.

Let the random variable be a lifetime of a person which exists at the moment . Tt0In other words, the random variable is the future lifetime of this entity measured from . Tt0The probability that this person’s lifetime is greater than , i.e. t

StTt！，,;；??

is called survival distribution function. It is supposed that

a) T0;

b) S(0)1;

c) St() is a non-increasing function;

d) S()0.)！

Suppose also that

e) St() is a differentiable function.

In this paper it is assumed that any other information about survival distribution function except the characteristics a) e) is unknown.

Let us denote by

Sx(1)pTxTx！，？，！1| (1) ??xSx()

and

SxSx()(1)？？qp！？！1. (2) xxSx()

Consider the sequence of the embedded events

(3) TkTkTxTx，?，？?，？?，11,????????

xwhere and are integers. From the properties of conditional distributions, the embedding (3) k

and the assumption that , follows that xk

(4) SxSxTxTxpSx()1|11,！？，，？！？;；??;；x1

x1

(5) SxSkp()(),?jjk

and

x1

(6) SxSkq()()1.！？;；?jjk

St()Let be a veritable survival distribution function which generates our random life 0

data concerning the life durations of some people group, for example, the participants of some

St()pension fund. In reality an actual functional form of is unknown. 0

1

(：:()()StStAt the same time often it is necessary to test hypothesizes for 101

(?:()()StStttt((ttt((, under alternatives for on the basis of special censored 2011212

St()ttsample of size . Here will be well known survival distribution function, and will N121

St()be known constants. It is supposed that is either parametric function with known 1

ktkt:((parameters or is defined by the life table, for integers . To obtain survival data for 12

iN1,the members of pension plan we use the following sample scheme: participant , , is i

[,]HHHHobserved only in the time interval , where and are calendar dates for the 1212

beginning and the termination of the observation period in which life status information of

statistical data members can be obtained.

YAAA(,,,)Let be a sample data, where 12N

AWJJBDyz(,,,,,,), iiiiiiii

W is calendar dates of withdrawal from observation (by reason other than by death), i

J is calendar dates of joining to pension plan, i

J is observable calendar dates of joining to group under observation, i

B is calendar dates of birth, i

DDW is calendar dates of death (if ), iii

()yJB！？y is calendar dates of age under joining to observation group , iiii

thz is scheduled age at termination for sample member. ii

In our case

?JifJH,?ii1J ?iHifJH,?11i?

and

HBifWH？，,?22ii z?iWBifWH？(.iii2?

Then let be

yymin,(1)i

zzmax,ni

xintegerxy！，min, ??(1)txt((12

xintegerxz！(max,??()n((txt12

AxAforxintegeryxzxxyx(){:(,1)(1)！(，？?，，？?iiii

?，，？?(，，？(1)(1)},xzxxyzxiii

AAx?()n is the number of . ix

AAx?()For let us define i

zxwhenxzx？，，？1,?ii ??！！()x?ii11,whenzx，？i?

and

2

yxwhenxyx？，，？1,?ii rrx！！()?ii0,whenyx(i?

is the number died in interval ?(,1].xxAAx?;；xi

The sample design is such that are non random (deterministic) NnJJBHHyz,,,,,,,,xiiiii12variables known to . Hx

At the same time events connected with are random events. Di

It is known [1] that

?xˆq (7) xxrx;；;；?;；?ii:?iAAx;；i

and

x1ˆˆSxStp, (8) ;；;；?01jjt1

ˆˆpq！？1,Sxwhere is unbiased moment estimator of and . q;；jj0x

xIf is exposure

！？?)?)?xrxN,, (9) ;；;；;；?xii:?iAAx;；i

ˆˆSThen it can be shown in the usual way that q and are consistent and asymptotically normal xx

Stestimators. If under the value is known then it is possible to construct a test statistic (;；011

by using the estimator (2). In the opposite case the estimator (1) can be used.

From the conditions (3) and

2?xrx;；;；;；?ii?iAAx:;；i (10) 1,,??)Nxrx;；;；;；??ii?iAAx:;；i

it follows that

ˆˆpqxxV (11) x?xrx;；;；;；?ii:?iAAx;；i

ˆˆare consistent estimators for Dq. If under ( the conditions (3), (4) are fulfilled and qq xx1x1

then we have

dˆqq1xxSNo！！？0,11. (12) ;；;；xdVx

ˆ~xqqUsing graphic methods [2], we find a set such that the difference between and ??1xx

~mwill be obviously considerable. Let be the number of integer points x?~. Denote by ;；

((a test statistic for testing the hypothesis against . 12Lets assume that 2~= (13) ;；?xx?~

But it is impossible to find the correct value of its observed significance level. The problem is

that are complicated dependent random variables. However, observed significance level can x

be estimated.

We have

3

??~;；;；. (14) lim1;pKHIm，(？??~;；;；obsN?)??m??

2KHIum;Here is the distribution function of random variable. The criterion with test ;；m

statistic (13) is consistent.

References

1. London D. Survival models and their estimation. AXTEX Publications. Winsted and Avon,

Connecticut, 1986.

2. Чепурин Е.В. Об аналитико-компьютерных методах разведочного анализа данных.

Колмогоров и современная математика. Тезисы докладов. Москва, МГУ, 2003.

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