Engineering Degree Level Courses
? Core
? Electives
AHEC-IITR/Ua. Govt./syllabus/WR-HPD 1
WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT
For Engg. Degree Level Course L 42 + T 14
? Occurrence of water on earth and its movement – the Hydrologic Cycle, Surface and
Ground water
? Importance of water resource management
Surface Water
? Diversion and Storage Schemes
? Single and Multipurpose Projects
? Diversion Schemes
? Diversion Headworks – components and their functions
? Distribution of water – canal systems
? Basics of canal alignment and design
? Types of canal works – falls, regulators, cross drainage works etc.
? Storage Schemes
? Reservoir Planning
? Preliminary Surveys
? Mass curve
? Flood Routing
? Economic Considerations
? Sedimentation
? Environmental impact
? Dams
? Type of Dams and their suitability for different conditions
? Basic design criteria and causes of failure
? Spillways
? Types and their characteristics
? Terminal structures – energy dissipation
? Special problems of hilly streams
? Ground Waterccurrence and exploration
? Classification of aquifers and aquifer parameters
? Pumping tests
? Preliminary Well Hydraulics and discharge computations
? Elec, mech Indus, agri, envir, production,,elctronic, civil
? Decision Support Systems in water resources – preliminary concepts
AHEC-IITR/Ua. Govt./syllabus/WR-HPD 2
HYDROPOWER ENGINEERING
Engineers Degree Student (Civil /Agriculture)
? Energy Resources and types of generation (2)
? Hydropower
? Thermal power
? Solar power
? Wind power
? Hydrological analysis (6)
? Stream gauging
? Stage discharge curves
? Peak flow estimation
? Mass curves and Flow duration curves
? Estimation of power potential (4)
? Peak load and base load stations (2)
? Firm and secondary power (2)
? Pondage and storage (2)
? Choice of power plants and their classification (2)
? Components of hydropower plants (8)
? Intakes
? Tunnel
? Penstock
? Surge tank
? Power channels etc.
? Power House
? Types of turbines and their characteristics and provsion for testing
(6)
?
? Power plant equipment, instrumentation and controls
(4)
? Economic considerations (4)
? Pricing of electricity
? Investment planning Policies and laws
References
? P.S.Nigam, Handbook of Hydroelectric Engineering
AHEC-IITR/Ua. Govt./syllabus/WR-HPD 3
? Wang, Modern Power System Planning
? CBIP, Hydropower Resources in India……..
? Gulliver and Arndt, Hydropower Handbook….
AHEC-IITR/Ua. Govt./syllabus/WR-HPD 4
HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT
Engg. Degree Level (Electrical/Mechanical/Instrumentation/Electronics Engineering)
INTRODUCTION Type of Hydro-electric development, classification, Techno
Economic studies for size & type, Speed rise and Pressure Rise, studies for performance
requirements (L5-T2)
Hydraulic Turbines and Governor – Types; selection criteria, Model testing,
specification (L5-T2)
Hydro Generator and Excitation System– Types; selection; Characteristics;
Specification; Testing (L4-T)
Power Transformer – Types; Characteristics; Specification and Testing (L2-T)
HV Circuit Breaker - Types; Characteristics; Specification and Testing (L2-T))
Control & Protection (i) Protective Relaying and Metering of Hydro Generators; Turbines, Transformers, Bus Bars and Outgoing Feeders. (L4-T2)
(ii) Control and Monitoring System for Turbines, Generators, Exciters; Transformers;
Breakers (L4-T2)
(iii) Power Plant Start/Stop, running control and Annunciation (L3-T1)
Electrical Auxiliaries – Auxiliaries Power; DC System; Power & ControlCables and Cabling; Lighting System; Grounding System (L4-T2)
Mechanical Auxiliaries – EOT Crane; Cooling Water System; Dewatering and Drainage System; HP & LP compressed Air System; Fire Protection; Ventilation and Air
conditioning (L4-T2)
Switchyard Equipment – Isolators, Potential Transformers, Current Transformer; Lighting Arrestors; Switchyard and Structures
Power evacuation arrangements (L4-T1)
Erection,Commissioning and Field Testing
(L2-T)
L42-T14
AHEC-IITR/Ua. Govt./syllabus/WR-HPD 5
AUTOMATION In waterresources and hydropower Plants
Prerequisite Courses: 1) Basic Electric Engineering, 2) Basic Digital Electronics 3)
Power Electronics 4) Electromechanical Energy Conversion
Course Contents Total hours
(Total contact hours 40) allotted per
semester INTRODUCTION 6 1.Sources and forms of energy, types of power plants, elements of
hydropower scheme, hydropower development in India.
2.Hydro Powerhouse structures-substructure and superstructure Layout and
dimensions,
3.Hydropower plants classification: Surface and underground power
stations, Low, medium and high head plants-layout and components,
microhydel units.
4.Different curves: Load curves, load duration curve, Connected load,
maximum load, peak load, base load and peak load power plants, load
factor, plant capacity factor, plant use factor, demand factor, diversity
factor,
CIVIL STRUCTURES (Limited only to the introduction of each term) 1.Civil engineering works: dams, earth fill, water conduits, spillways, and
other open channels, surge tanks, general construction.
2.Hydraulic structure for power plants: Control of water delivery to
turbines, control gates, Pumped storage installations. penstocks; discharge
tubes for hydraulic turbines;
3.Head losses, energy losses and efficiency.
Water resources
HYDRAULIC TURBINES (Limited only to the introduction of each term)
1.Turbines for electric power generation: Basics of Pelton wheel impulse
units, Francis mixed flow, Propeller, Kaplan and Cross flow, power and
efficiency; high, medium and low head applications,
2. Control of frequency and power loading
3. Turbine instrumentation: speed calculation, Valve actuation, auto-start-up, thermal stress control, condition monitoring and power distribution
instrumentation.
AHEC-IITR/Ua. Govt./syllabus/WR-HPD 6
-2-
MONITORING 8 1. Regulation and monitoring: Hydroelectric power generation, automatic
regulation and monitoring of voltage and frequency.
2. Modelling & Simulation: Computerized modeling & simulation of
Electric Machines, data acquisition and logging.
CONTROL ASPECTS 8 1.Feedback Systems: Cascaded feedback systems. Feed forward control
systems
2.Servomechanisms: Hydraulic servomechanisms, Introduction to oil
hydraulics. Valve controlled hydraulic motors. Pump controlled hydraulic
motors. Electrohydraulic servo systems. Electrohydraulic position servo.
PROTECTION: 8 1.Principles of power system protection: system Vs apparatus protection,
analog Vs digital protection,
2.Protection system components: potential and current sensors, relays,
fuses, circuit breakers, Computerized status monitoring, zone protection,
back up schemes,
3.Protective relays: Type and classification of relays, different types of
relays: differential and percentage differential relay, impedance,
admittance, reactance relays, distance protection concept, Carrier and pilot wire systems, Significance of computerized protection systems. 4.Power circuit breakers: Arc characteristics, arc interruption, arc gaps, Types of circuit breakers: air, oil, vacuum, SF6, automatic circuit re-closers 5. Apparatus protection: generator, transformer, transmission lines
protection systems
Reference Books:
BadriRam, D.N. Vishwakarma: Power System Protection and Switchgears, TMH
Varshney R.S. Hydro Power Structures, Nem Chand & Bros.
Sunil S. Rao Switch gear and protection
Elgerd Electrical Energy System Theory McGraw Hill
Stevenson Elements of Power System Analysis McGraw Hill
Elgerd, Electrical Energy System Theory , Mc Graw-Hill
Deshpande, Elements of Electrical Power, Station Designs Pitman & sons. Willenbrock and Thomas, Planning, Engineering and Construction of Electrical power
generating facilities John Wiley and Sons.
AHEC-IITR/Ua. Govt./syllabus/WR-HPD 7
SHORT TERM PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES/HYDRO POWER
DEVELOPMENT
FOR ENGINEERING DEGREE HOLDERS
Week Topics to be covered
I Water Resources:
Global and National International Scenario, National and
Interstate issues
Distribution, types of development,
Environmental Impact of Projects,
Hydrology and Hydrometry
II Water Resources Projects:
Types, uses, planning design criteria, economics,
Modes of partnership.
III Hydropower Project:
Power Senario, Potential, Present Pace of Development
Types of Projects:
Large and multipurpose projects, small projects, stand alone
projects,
Economics and Environmental Impact of different type of projects.
IV Power:
Generation, Transmission, Distribution in Rural Areas,
Private sector participation.
V Project management:
a. Types of Projects, issues and dimensions in water management
projects
b. Project identification conceptualization, implementation,
monitoring, review and control
c. Preparation of Pre-feasibility Report, Detailed Project Report,
d. Raising of Resources, Deployment of Resources, investment
decisions.
e. Technical feasibility, commercial, financial and economic
viability.
f. Power Purchase agreements, contract agreements, obligations.
g. Use of project management soft wares
VI Forest:
Conservation, Soil Conservation, catchment treatment, land
acquisition, forest laws.
Land slides and earthquake hazards and risks.
Public awareness and participation,
Resettlement and Rehabilitation issues,
Laws rules and regulations related to water resources and projects
(national and state)
Rain water harvesting and water recharge. AHEC-IITR/Ua. Govt./syllabus/WR-HPD 8
Engg. Diploma Level Courses
? Core
? Electives
AHEC-IITR/Ua. Govt./syllabus/WR-HPD 9
Hydro Development Engineering
Engg. Diploma L-42 T-14 hrs
1. Renewable Energy Sources:
? Brief idea about Solar, Wind, Bio-mass, and Small Hydro.
? Potential of Renewable Energy Sources in India.
? Advantages of Renewable Energy Sources over Conventional Energy Sources.
2. Hydropower Development:
? Sources of energy, Importance of electric power.
? Power Plants, Different Types of Power Plants, Importance of Hydropower
Plant, and Merits of Hydropower Plant over Thermal & Nuclear power plant.
? Hydropower development in India and Uttaranchal State. Determination of
power potential of any site.
3. Investigation and Management of Landslide:
? Introduction to landslide and other mass movements, their mechanism and
causes.
? Landslide identification, investigation and mapping.
? Landslide hazard zonation and risk mapping.
? Preventive/corrective measures of landslide control.
? Use of geographical information system in landslide hazard mapping and
database management.
? Landslide instrumentation and monitoring.
? Dissemination of information, their use in disaster mitigation and
management.
4. Environmental Impact Assessment for Hydropower Projects:
? Environmental impact of canal, dams, hydropower generation.
? Environmental impact assessment methodology including statuary
requirement & procedures for obtaining environmental clearance for
hydropower Projects.
? Modeling & Forecasting of Environmental parameters including as an
environmental management tool & other environmental survey techniques.
5. Hydropower Station:
? Brief idea about Major/Small/Mini/Micro Hydropower Stations.
? Layout Plan of Different Hydropower Stations.
? Brief idea about Generators and Turbines used in Major/Small/Mini/Micro
Hydropower Stations.
? Installation of Generators and Turbines in civil engineering point of view and
their maintenance.
? Hydropower Stations in Tunnel.
6. Re-habilitation:
? Techno-economic survey of affected area.
AHEC-IITR/Ua. Govt./syllabus/WR-HPD 10